This book describes the bacterial metabolism of melanoidins: A maillard products found in distillery wastewater, characterization of melanoidin degrading enzyme (i.e. manganese dependent and independent peroxidase) by SDS-PAGE analysis and characterization of metabolic products produced during the bacterial degradation of synthetic and natural melanoidin by HPLC, IR, H1 NMR and LC-MS-MS analysis. Further, this book also explores the various physico-chemical parameters and toxic effects of distillery wastewater on terrestrial crop plants such as mustard plant (Brassica nigra L.) and Phaseolus mungo L. in terms of seed germination, seedling growth and amylase activity and aquatic ecosystems such as tubifex-tubifex (Tubificid worm), which is widely distributed an freshwater oligochaete, living in water/sediment interface in terms of morphological changes and mortality rate for environmental safety. The anterior part of tubifex is burrowing in sediment while posterior part remains undulating in overlying water.